The bit at the end was neat (about awareness of "mind").
As for what colors "look like" to individuals, I think a pretty solid scientific case can be made for them looking the same. There are multiple bases for that. Firstly, the physics (both biological and otherwise) involved in the perception of color don't change. Secondly, the idea of colors being perceived as "complimentary" etc. is a little to clean and neat to have significant holes in it. Starting simply at the fact that the way white, black, and silver surfaces highlight topography in different light conditions is universal and consistent. But other things, like the prevalence of certain colors in indicator lights (blues, greens, and reds in electronics, for instance) is also universal. You don't have any remotely significant (even statistically) portion of the population wondering why that speaker's power light is such a disgusting color, because it's NOT a disgusting color. Now, granted, some of the reason for color prevalence in utilitarian functions is based on the physics of visual reception rather than the perception itself (short wavelengths are easier to see with less impact on contrast, and vice versa, which is why red gauges are really hard on the eyes at night because they're less crisp due to the nature of how our eyes work--high contrast [short of total overload] is always easier in terms of optics).
The other thing is that the colorblindness tests don't test PERCEPTION. They test RECEPTION. The optical function of colorblind people's eyes is impaired, which is what causes the colorblindness. It's not something happening uniquely in their mind. It's happening in their eyes. It's physically observable and correctable. It's also binary: you are either colorblind or you are not. The colors not being distinctly received by the eye are consistent. There are specific types of colorblindness. There's no "What you see as red, I see as blue, but Bart sees as green." If you're protanopic, you don't see red, instead you see muddy green. EVERYONE who is protanopic sees that. No variance. And sure "how do you know what "green" is for each person?" Well...traffic lights. Every protanopic person I know has trouble distinguishing red from green. That means Red AND Green are (respectively) exactly the same to everyone, either protanopic or not. Because we all understand the difference (or lack of difference) between those colors the same.
Then, of course, there's the nature of spectral color. This is also universal. Colors are based upon wavelength and, despite the fun-sounding ideological paradox of individual perception, colors relate in a way that, due to physics, is perfectly scientifically sensible according to a wavelength spectrum. This wouldn't be the case if blue for me was red for you. It would create issues with our understanding of the light spectrum, which just conveniently for demonstration purposes happens to be a very core aspect of much of our understanding of basic science.
You see a color because it exists, despite the goofy existential suggestion that it only exists in your head. Color is no less "real" outside your head than sound or gravity or time. In fact, from a modern particle physics perspective, color is perhaps even MORE real than those things, because it's an aspect of light, and light correlates with many different aspects of science that often don't otherwise agree.
Asking "Is red the same for me as for you" is no different than asking "is a cube the same shape for me as for you?" It might sound all fancy and insightful, but in reality it's just silly. It's a cube because it's a cube, not because my brain wants it to be one. And red is the same damn thing. It's red. It will always be red. If your optical receptors are broken you might not be able to see that color correctly, but it's still red. If I can't see you can you still see me? Of course you f*** can...unless you're blind (again an impairment, not some kind of "mind" perception difference). Do I look like an eggplant to you? Am I Schrodinger's cat? Am I alive or dead? Who the Hell are you people anyway? What am I doing here!?
Good Lord.