Besides the restriction of the wire screen to keep large chunks from hitting the MAF element, the inside diameter creates the pressure drop vs flow thru the unit.
Measure the pressure drop at whatever maximum flow you expect to size the diameter......for example the Q45 MAF has a 7" water column pressure restriction at ~~ 300 HP and reads 4.4 volts...........most MAF top out at 255 grams per second ~~ [380 HP]. 8 bit signal [0-255=256 steps]
lb/min x 7.5 = gm/sec or gm/sec x .132 = lb/min
The calibration grams per second of air vs the MAF voltage output is set by a group of resistances in the bridge circuit.
Inside the ecu software is an exponential equation [creates the scaling map] that translates the MAF voltage to something useful LIKE a VE% of that size [displacement] engine.....................
http://www.gnttype.org/techare....htmlh ... re...s.xls
Some engine use a real [measuring half of the cylinders] and a dummy maf and multiply the air flowing thru the real unit by 2.