Firstly - Background
Air Flow Meters (AFM), a.k.a Mass Airflow Meters (MAF):
The basic function of any ECU is simple. Calculate the correct amount of fuel and ignition advance required by the engine at any time. To make these calculations it needs to sense how much "load' the engine is under.
The primary load sensor on the Nissan ECCS ECUs is the Air Flow Meter. It is the ECUs biggest asset and also it's achilles heel (from a performance viewpoint).
The AFM measures the true mass of air entering the engine. Since mass of air entering the engine is known, determining the mass of fuel required for an appropriate Air Fuel Ratio is a straight forward calculation. This also means the majority of modifications will not require a retune, unlike MAP based systems.
Unfortunately the standard AFM can be a considerable restriction in the intake. A 50mm diameter is not a large area for a turbo to draw through. AFMs also have a set operating range from 0-5V, representing a flow of air from 0 to their max rating. 5V on a CA18DET AFM is equivalent to enough air to make around 200hp. 5V on a 300ZX TT AFM is enough for over 500hp. Fortunately, retuning for a larger, less restrictive AFM is possible.
Once the CA18 ECU senses the AFM is at its limit (ie at or close to 5V), it will cut fuel to protect the engine. The dreaded boost cut. Or more accurately, Air Flow Cut.
Once the Airflow meter is at 5v, any increase in flow will still result in a reading of 5v, as the sensor is at its limit. The ECU can no longer calculate the correct amount of fuel, so it shuts down the engine to prevent a lean out. Once the AFM reads below 5v, the ECU will inject fuel once again
from
http://members.optushome.com.au/silent8ob/ecu.htm
im not worried about you maxing out the turbo or MAF , cause its not happening. im worried about you maxing out your injectors and melting pistons.