420sxse wrote:Don't many bolt ons just shift power from one part of the band to another?
No.
Car designers take a lot of things into consideration, not just performance. Their biggest consideration is profit. They have to achieve a ballance of style, performance, safety, emissions, economy, marketable price, and cost. Most of all they want to produce as big as possible of a difference between marketable price and cost. If a crush-bent exhaust will save money but not effect marketable price, they'll go with that. Most people won't drive hard enough on their test drive to notice the difference.
You can make up some the resulting difference between what was possible, and what the manufacturer did by buying the right aftermarket parts, and tuning properly.
Many are designed to overcome some bottleneck to performance. Replace your restrictive stock exhaust, and your restrictive stock intake becomes a bottleneck, Replace that and your CAT becomes a bottleneck, and so on.
Others reduce parasitic losses (underdrive pulleys, removed A/C) or engine moment of inertia ( elecric fan, aluminum flywheel, etc) or reduce driveline moment of inertia (lightweight wheels, driveshaft).
Some are purely for looks (polished valve covers), and some of these are really bad for performance (big wings, bigger wheels).
Intake and exhaust headers can reduce power in one area of the curve while improving others, though. To get the most benefit from tuned (as in tuned, not just aftermarket) intake and exhaust headers you have to muck with the cam a bit though (they'll need a little overlap so at certain RPM the exhaust opening pulse reflection sucks more charge into the cylender) (I've just been reading about this, I've not used it). From what I've read, well-designed intake, exhaust, head porting, valve job, and cam timing can put the volumetric efficiency over 100%, but for street driven cars, you'd want a broader power band than this would produce.
The book "Car Hacks and Mods for Dummies" should give you some idea what's what.