Don't know what a part is? Wikipedia it! What's a MAF?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_airflow_sensor What's a lower control arm?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_arm
The learning curve is steep, but keep reading and it will start to come together. Another thing is, while reading as much as you can about a repair process through write-ups or whatever is very helpful and will keep you from making really big f***-ups, no amount of reading will make you totally understand. Get your $20 mechanic's tool set, get in there and get your hands dirty! Start with the braindead simple stuff, like I was talking about before. It's kind of hard to screw up spark plug replacement (don't overtighten!) or an oil change.
If you need help, ask specific questions AFTER you've read as much as you can. Don't feel helpless, you can do it!
PapaSmurf: I agree, a great place to start. The first thing I ever did by myself on a car was changing the wires out for new ones. Even the simple jobs will leave you feeling extremely satisfied with yourself.
Oh yeah, and lastly I recommend checking out
http://www.rockauto.com for pricing tune up parts. I usually just get the cheap stuff, and everything's going fine so far. Even with shipping a lot of the stuff is significantly cheaper than it would be at the local auto parts store, especially stuff like fuel, air, and oil filters.
Final edit: Don't worry about messing the car up too much, basic tune-up stuff is really hard to screw up; just don't force anything. If a bolt isn't going in easily, you don't want to force it or you might crossthread the hole. Have some anti-seize and PB Blaster and stuff like that on hand for help in such situations.
Modified by yoesh! at 5:25 PM 7/19/2009