Sounds like your parents are making those choices, not you.
Given your driving record, inexperience, age, and financial situation, perhaps your parents should consider buying you something old, cheap and small instead of a brand new,mid-priced, larger 4 door mom-mobile. That settlement is not only less than half the cost of a new base model Camry/Accord (and you're talking about wanting a higher level model) odds are good you're going to have another accident (you're a male teen- by far the biggest risk group). Plus, in an earlier thread you complained about you and your parents not having enough money to do major repairs on your current fleet. Doesn't seem to make much sense for them to spend so much more on mid priced new car for an accident prone college student especially if their money is tight.
That said, as far as which is better between an up-level 2020 Accord or Camry? They're both solid, larger, predictable, reliable cars with full warranties that will still give you plenty to whine about. Buzzman is right about the annoyance of multi-gear modern automatics constantly shifting. It's tolerable in 700+ hp Hellcats, but less so in modest cars. Yes, CVT's are very unsporty, but then again your folks are not buying you a sports oriented car. And only Nissan is selling CVT's that prematurely faiI. The other manufacturers have been using them for a few years now. Unlike Nissan, the others waited until they perfected their CVT's before selling them. fwiw I have 2 non car-guy nephews (they're about twice your age and paid for their cars themselves) had the same Accord/Camry discussions with me and both ended up with Accords as they felt Accords fit their needs slightly better than the Camry. Plus their local Honda dealer was more eager to accept negotiations than the Toyota dealer, making it less expensive to buy.
As far as short term rental cars, given the choice of a base model Camry or base model Chevy, at the end of the day it ultimately does not matter at all. It's a friggin' short term rental. But as a long time car guy, I personally would've gone for the Chevy for one simple reason. American brand sedans are rapidly becoming extinct. So driving one now while they're at their most reliable point (new) and before they disappear altogether seems far more interesting than driving an ordinary Camry that's going to be still be built for several years. Think about it, 25 yrs from now, if someone asks for your driving impressions on a long extinct car, they'll be far more impressed that you could describe driving that than one of the biggest selling/most common (yawn) transportation appliances on the planet. Food for thought.