What about roots and screw-type superchargers orion? They don't spin anywhere near 100,000rpm but still produce boost. I found a website here
http://turbochargedpower.com/T...s.htm that indicated that a supercharger may be effective at as little as 40,000rpm.
I do know that there has been some work done with electric superchargers. With a good turbine design it should have lots of potential. An electric motor is very efficient as it has very few moving parts. However, I have yet to hear of anyone getting an effective one working.
The real matter is that while an electric motor has very few moving parts, the turbocharger is not a complex machine by any standard. You only have a Compressor, Turbine, shaft, and some sort of bearing. For that matter, even the bearings may be replaced with frictionless electromagnetic or permanent magnetic bearings.