Check this thread if you haven't already:
should-i-turbo-poll-t515160.html?hilit= ... t&start=40
It is your money and we love seeing guys rock out the mods here, but I'll break down my mature opinion for you.
Two answers (the first addresses your actual question) - yes it's possible to not have the transmission go out as quickly as the next man with lower boost. However, it all comes down to driving habits.
Answer two (addresses everything else you talked about which doesn't necessarily relate to your question) - It's not at all worth it. I'll even leave the obvious CVT argument out of my assessment (which, in itself, is enough to defeat the idea).
1) 3 psi of boost on a 2.5L motor will not give you enough of a return to justify the costs of putting in the proper wrench time and tune to make it run efficiently enough to be deemed a daily driver.
2) To further contribute to the FE stuff you bring up, most turbo kits swap out fuel injectors. To my knowledge, the turbo kits available for the 2.5 and 3.5 altimas do swap out injectors. This is going to impact your fuel economy regardless of driving habits, as injectors are upgraded in order to optimized the air fuel mixture that is required in a boost environment. Not saying you're going to have an enormous drop, but you'll see one. Yes, there are mods like opening up intakes and exhausts that can increase fuel economy, but when you start messing with the fuel system, things change.
3) Any other mods that you have on your car that are not suspension related are likely to be moot. Your intake and tune that you have listed as pre-existing mods will no longer work with the setup. With low boost (around 3 psi as you say), a bigger exhaust will not yield much, if any, gains whatsoever. I'd be willing to estimate that a turbo with that low boost would not yield much more added power than a 2.5 with catless header, pulley, intake, full exhaust(catless) and a full tune to adjust for the new airflow. If it does add more power, it likely will only be enough of difference discernible only on paper.
Taking number 3 into account alone will lead to upping the boost to not feel like you wasted $5K (at least that's what I would want to do if I were in this situation

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