- The Global Change Research Act of 1990 is a US law requiring research into global warming and related issues. It requires a report to Congress every four years on the environmental, economic, health and safety consequences of climate change.
- This required research was tasked to the U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP). Every 4 years the USGCRP releases their big report called the National Climate Assessment. On November 23, 2018 (Black Friday) the White House released the over 1500 page 2nd volume of the National Climate Assessment report.
- The teams involved in the NCA report include NOAA, the DOA, DOC, DOD, DOE, HHS, DOI, DOS, DOT, EPA, NASA, NSF, Smithsonian Institution, and the USAID—with the assistance of "1,000 people, including 300 leading scientists, roughly half from outside the government."
Generally speaking:
- It’s already happening.
- It’s going to get worse.
- It’s going to cost us dearly.
- We can still do something about it.
- Without substantial and sustained global mitigation and regional adaptation efforts, climate change is expected to cause growing losses to American infrastructure and property and impede the rate of economic growth over this century.
- According to NOAA, one of the lead agencies helping with the NCA, human health and safety and American quality of life" is increasingly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change.
- Annual economic losses in the USA due to climate change in 2090 (in 2015 $)
- Moderate warming (RCP 4.5): $280 billion per year
- Extreme warming (RCP 8.5): $500 billion per year
- We can expect the US economy in the year 2090 to be 10% smaller.
- Current GDP is ~$20 trillion.
- Annual GDP growth of 2%
- Projected US GDP in year 2090 ~$85 trillion
- We can expect a 10% GDP loss of $8.5 trillion dollars in the year 2090
- The Great Recession of 2008 caused a 4.9% GPD loss
- It makes financial sense to fight climate change
- Changing temperatures will cause insects that usually die off in colder seasons to thrive all year round. Climates that those insects can't survive in at all can now have them seasonally. Those climates won't have any natural predators for those insects. This includes West Nile and Zika carrying mosquitoes, tree killing beetles, and lyme disease carrying ticks. Food shortages are expected as those insects wreck crops.
- "Dust bowl-ification" of farmlands in the west and mid-west plus droughts causing food shortages.
- Heat waves will be warmer and last longer affecting mostly elderly and the poor.
- The city of Phoenix, which experienced about 80 days per year over 100 degrees around the turn of the century, could see between 120 and 150 such days per year by the end of the century, depending on the pace of emissions.
- Huge parts of the US get their water from snow that accumulates on mountain ranges in the winter that melt in the summer and fill basins and rivers. Western mountain ranges are retaining much less snow throughout the year, threatening water supplies below them.
- Extreme Weather Events
- "People who survive extreme weather events and see their communities destroyed often suffer from depression, anxiety, suicidal thoughts and post-traumatic stress disorder. And those problems linger long after the destruction passes."
- "The report notes that droughts have led to a documented increase in alcohol and tobacco use, while higher temperatures bring out more aggressive behaviors, including an increase in homicides."
- Stronger storms will destroy expensive infrastructure that will need to be replaced, infrastructure needs more maintenance, and costs for new infrastructure will increase because stronger storms lead to stricter building standards.
- Over 50% of the global population lives only a few miles off the coasts. Extreme storms, tides, and sea level rise will trigger a mass migration inland. Expect States like Florida to deal with the biggest population shift as a majority of it's boarders are coastline and people from Caribbean islands immigrating.
So we are aware of the changes that already occurred in our lifetimes, and it hasn't been getting better.
It will most likely get worse for future generations and so I will leave you with a quote from the NCA:
The 4th NCA volume II Other outlets covering it:“It is very likely that some physical and ecological impacts will be irreversible for thousands of years, while others will be permanent.”
- https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/23/clim ... sment.html
- https://www.vox.com/2018/11/24/18109883 ... assessment
- https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/its-h ... ate-change
- https://www.washingtonpost.com/energy-e ... s-country/
- https://thinkprogress.org/white-house-a ... 2c1557333/
- https://www.cbsnews.com/news/national-c ... -warnings/