Sounds a lot like what I had for behavior but I did get specific OBD2 codes. It's only ~ 30min check to pull off the HPFP to see if it's this lifter issue (only suggesting since nothing's fixed it for you yet)...
I ran into similar stuttering under load and unable to go past 3k RPM, unless slowly building up to it, just before my high pressure fuel pump (HPFP) lifter (part 13231+A) failed completely. I got codes P0087 and/or P0090. If you have a worn lifter (flattened to or passed the 4 little holes on the bottom) you'll want to replace it before it completely fails and scores the eccentric camshaft assembly (part 13020+B) and the timing cover and you get a very expensive repair bill (or failed engine).
Here's a pic from a youtube video that shows lifter wear (although for a different car, it's the same general design):
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