JBHorne wrote:I also had a custom Y-pipe installed -- installed this along with a Stillen cat-back system. I immediately noticed a DECREASE in performance, especially at low throttle. The factory Y-pipe is a bit restricted, but there is SOMETHING that this does (back pressure perhaps?) which keeps low RPM torque up. I would up removing the custom Y-pipes and reinstalling the factory ones. I still run the Stillen cat back (and also intakes) and love them.
I'd re-install it, but haven't been able to get an explanation as to why a nice and straight Y-pipe had performance issues over stock...
I wondered about this myself. I found this article so I copied and pasted it:
You certainly can go too big on both exhaust pipes and headers depending on what RPM range you want your torque to peak. However it is not restriction (back pressure) that changes the torque curve rather it is the exhaust velocity. With smaller pipes the exhaust is forced to increase in velocity so when the piston reaches near TDC there will be a scavenging effect from the higher velocity exhaust creating a slight vacuum effect at the exhaust port. If the pipes are too big then the exhaust will be slower so when the piston reaches TDC there will be little or no scavenging effect at lower RPM. The smaller pipes produce more torque at a lower RPM and depending on other performance parameters this may be quite desirable but it is a trade-off in higher RPM power. This trade-off occurs because as RPM, and thus exhaust gas volume increases, the low RPM scavenging effect will be overcome and offset by the added restriction of the smaller pipes. Trading the smaller pipes to bigger diameter, less restrictive pipes can result in power increases in upper RPM ranges due to less exhaust restriction but these too have to be small enough to create enough exhaust gas velocity to create the necessary scavenging effect.
Bigger is not always better and that is why sometimes it can be counterproductive to go overboard on valve sizes, intake runner size and exhaust pipe size. By the same token, smaller is not necessarily better either so the trick is to have a balance of parts and don't go "hog-wild" with the biggest of everything. When someone says that an engine needs a bit of back pressure they are confusing back pressure or exhaust restriction with scavenging. Back pressure will rob an engine of performance but at lower RPM, the scavenging effect created by smaller pipes will make more torque until the exhaust volume reaches the point that enough back pressure is created to cancel the scavenging effect. Back pressure is a power killer and in itself is unwanted so the trick is to balance the pipe size to put the torque where you need it, a smaller pipe will generally give high velocity with good scavenging at lower RPM but at the cost of power robbing back pressure at higher RPM, a bigger pipe will generally give less torque at lower RPM due to lack of scavenging effect but will make upper RPM power as exhaust velocity increases and scavenging is created but without the added restriction of the smaller pipes to create as much back pressure.
The bottom line is that back pressure itself is unwanted and the noticeable increase in bottom-end power that often occurs with a change to smaller pipes/header tubes is due to better lower RPM exhaust port scavenging and not because of added exhaust back pressure these pipes will cause at higher RPM.
The only thing I will add here is this: what little performance gains you get from just doing an exhaust modification (and staying with the stock tune and intakes) will not really be noticeable in a car that is already pushing 330 hp (420 hp in the M56) Most of that will be in the upper RPM range anyway, so unless you are driving at that range all of the time, you won't realize it. When I deleted my Y-pipe and resonators, I went with an X-pipe and stayed with the stock 2" pipe size to the stock mufflers instead of going larger. I feel that this size offers a good balance of low RPM torque and upper RPM power with the stock tune and air intakes...just my $0.02